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How Gemstones Are Cut

~~ Photo Show~~

What is 14k Gold?

14k gold is 58% pure gold and 42% alloy

18K gold is 75% gold  and  25% alloy

22K gold is 91.7% gold  and  8.3% alloy

10 K gold is 41% gold and 59% alloy

For yellow gold the alloy is silver and copper

For rose gold the alloy is mostly copper

For white gold it is nickel and zinc

Purple Gold is alloyed with aluminum

Antique white gold was mostly silver  alloy(greenish tint)

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I only use new gold alloyed by the refiners (San Diego Refinery)

Silver is 92.5% pure silver and 7.5% copper

What are stone weights?

Gemstones are weighed in carats or grams or kilos (1000 grams). There are 5 carats to a gram and 100 points to a carat. Half Carat= 50points  

Stone Hardness

Moh's Scale of 1-10

Diamond -10

Ruby, Sapphire - 9

Topaz - 8

Garnet, Emerald, Aquamarine - 7.75

Amethyst - 7

Peridot - 6.6

Opal and Moonstone- 6

Tourquoise and Lapis - 5

Gypsum and Alabaster- 1

GIA Clarity Grading Scale

FL- Flawless - no visible inclusions under a 10x power loupe

IF- Internally Flawless- no inclusions and only insignificant surface blemishes

VVS1, VVS2- Very,very slight inclusions under 10x

VS1, VS2- Minor inclusions under 10x loupe

SI1, SI2 - Noticable inclusions that are easy or very easy to see under 10x but eye clean

I1, I2, I3- included grades- I3 being very bad noticable to the unaided eye

GIA Color Grades

Colorless- D E F

Near Colorless -G H I J

Faint Yellow - K L M  N

Very Light Yellow - O->R

Light Yellow to Fancy Yellow S-> Z

Size to weights in Diamonds for idea cut round brilliants

2.5mm = 5pts or 1/20 ct

4.2mm= 25pts or 1/4 ct

5mm= 50pts or 1/2 ct

6.2mm= 100 pts or 1ct

Melting Points of Various Metals

pewter- 425*

Sterling Silver - 1640*

Platinum - 3223*

14k Yellow - 1615*

14k White - 1825*

24k Pure Gold - 1945*

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Boiling points of Various metals

Platinum - 8186*

24k gold - 4914*

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